Recently, there’s been a lot of talk in the news about “brown fat”. This was spurred on after the April 9th release of The New England Journal of Medicine in which there were three published studies on the subject. Much of the media talk around this has been filled with phrases like, “exercise in a pill”, and “cure for obesity”. As a fitness professional, I often end up frustrated by the way the media can relay this information to the public. Very often the “news” you’re watching is little more than a precursor to a pharmaceutical ad and little else.
We’re going to take a closer look at this now, and see if brown fat really is the next great hope for people living with obesity related diseases, or is it just more smoke and mirror tricks played by greedy pharmaceutical companies.
In order to put things into a realistic perspective, we need to understand a little bit about what brown fat is and what its role is in our bodies. Then, we’ll look at what the studies say and whether this information is really something that can benefit us.
Brown fat, as opposed to white fat, is a special type of fat that is found to be present in babies and small children. Scientists used to think that brown fat went away as we grow into adult hood. It was thought that the fat acted as some part of a survival mechanism helping us to adapt to cooler climates. Interestingly, animals are found to have more brown fat than humans. What makes brown fat so special is that it is thought of as an “active fat” in that it is responsible for increasing metabolism and generating heat in cooler conditions. Part of the mechanism for this is that the cells have a higher mitochondrial density. This causes the cell to act like a passive calorie burner; and this is why the pharmaceutical companies are taking a closer look at it.
The ultimate goal of the physicians studying this is to find a way to modify brown fats activity and possibly it’s distribution over the body. Interestingly, doctors have found higher concentrations of brown fat in leaner people. They also discovered that individuals with the highest brown fat concentrations also showed healthier blood glucose levels. So it seems there is some real value in gaining a better understanding of brown fat and how we can use it to help us be healthier people. However, any real treatment for obesity- if they are actually able to create one- is still years down the road.
And so, we end up back where we started. The most effective treatment for, and prevention for type 2 diabetes and obesity related diseases is- you guessed it! A sound nutrition and exercise program. Sorry couch potatoes. The holy grail for the lazy is still out of reach. I think rightly so. To me, personal health and vitality are a blessing and a luxury that I hold in high value. It is something that when worked for, even fought for, pays in ways too numerous to say. The satisfaction and reward of working for and earning your greatest health and vitality are something that no exercise in a pill could ever give.
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